Metal-working tool.



F. P. L OVEIOY.

METAL WORKING TOOL.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 3. 1911- 1,242,707. v Patented Oct. 9,1917.

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a holder therefor. I

-w1th a series of teeth or ribs that'extend I v. and the shoe isinterlocked with the'cotter,

T STATES-PATENT ic FRED rj 'LIOVEJOY, or srrvinerin'nn} :IVEBVMONT." 4

To all :whom it may concern: I

I Be 1t kown thatI, FRED P. VLOVEJOY, a cltizen of the United States,residing at Springfield, in the county of Windsor and State of Vermont,have invented new and useful Improvements in Metal-Working Tools, ofwhich the following isa specificat1on.. t I This invention relates tometal-working tools andits object is to provide improved means forfasteninga detachable cutter in The cutter is provided substantially atright angles to its axis. A

shoe havingcorresponding teeth or ribs 00- acts wlth the cutter, and thecutter and shoe are arranged in a socket formed in a suitable holder.The'cutter andshoe are locked as a unit in the holder by a cotter pin,the axis of which is substantially at right angles to the axis of thecutter. .The-

the shoe to tighten the cutter relatively to the holder. The cutter isthus interlocked with the shoe bythe aforesaid teeth :or ribs,

so that all the said elements are positively interlocked with each otherin additionto being tightened by the aforesaid wedging I I I I structureintersected by line 7-4? of Fig. 6.

', Fig.8 represents ZL SBClZlOII through the action of the cotter. a

When the cutter and.shoe iarejremoved capable ofbeing adjusted endwiserelatively,

to each other to determine the ultimate tions of three locking shoesthat differ from ,forthem to lose such r adjustment fbe'cause.

longitudinal positionofgthe cutterwhen. the

latter is fastened in the holder, butfwhen, the cutter and shoehave beeninterlocked with each other and'inserted asaunit into the socketprovided therefor, it is impossible i the socket maintains theirinterlocked relation.

order to receive the. cotter,.an'dit [is thereforev impossible to givethe cutter any, other position than that determinedby' the relationofthecutter and shoe prior to inserting I "latter case the holder. would,be. provided with a circular series of-sockets for a correspendingnumber-ct cutters, shoes, eot

arrangement of teeth.

The shoe must always hoccupy ',.th j. same position relatively to. theholder, in i "METAL-WORKING 'roon- Specificatien of Letters Patent. I 1Patented 0013. 9,1917. I Application filed May a, 1917. 1 Serial No,156,146. I ters. In the "case ofa boring tool it is desirable to havesomeofthe cutters advanced more than those that precede them, in orderto distribute the load as nearly equally 'as of the shoes. The'shoes arecapable of being interchanged, one with another, and if the desiredadjustment. of any cutter cannot be obtained with one 'shoe, it maybeobtained with another shoe having a d ifferent vReferringto theaccompanying drawings: I

Figure 1 'represfents'a top plan view of a turning tool embodying thepresent inven- I tion. r i Fig. 2 represents a longitudinallsectionalview in a vertical plane, of said'tool.

i Fig. 3 represents'a sectional view through the structure on atransverse plane to which the axis of the cutter is perpendicular- IFig. 4 represents a perspective view of the locking shoe; 9

,5 represents an elevation of the cotter being foremost. V I Fig.6Irepresents aside elevation partly in section of a turningtoolorireamer em- ,bodying the present invention:

Fig, 7"represer'1ts a, section through the structure on a planelongitudinal of-the cut- Figs 9, 10, and 111 represent side: elevaeachother in the arrangementof the lockingteeth..; f f fl The same referencecharacters indicate the same parts wherever they occur,

"'Referringj first to he turning 150 1 shownby Figs."1 to 5'inclusivefthefcutter is indicated at 15,j-the lockingf'shoe at 16ftheholderv at 1% and v.fthe cotter at '18. In :the

; present instance the cutter 15 i andishoei 16 have, collectively, acylindri'c formation, and the 1 holder 17 .is provided with "asubstantially cylindric socket 19 inwhich the cutter and shoe areadapted tojfit: Said'socket is however preferably cut away' as indicatedat 20, to increase' thesteadiness "of thecutter relatively to theholder, as will beunderstood after further description. T

The cutter ,isfprovid'ed"with a-"serie's of the flat shoe-engagingsurface thereof athe-reception of the cotter teeth or ribs 21 thatextendsubstantially at right angles to its axis, and the shoe 16 is providedwith corresponding tQGtlTOLYIlbS 22 that are adapted to be interlockedwith teeth" 21 as shown by Fig. 2. When the cutter and shoe are insocket 19 they are incapable of longitudinal movement relatively to eachother, and when assembling the parts it is necessary to arrange theshoe'in interlocked relation with the cutter in order to get'them into'the'soc'ket. V j 7 -The shoe is provided with a notch28 for 18; Thiscotter is cylindric in form excepting that it' is cut away along oneside to provide a'flat face '24 at an acute angle relativelyto j itsaxis. The

axis of the cotter is iiidicated by line w-x in Fig. 3. The flat face 24"adapted to bear uponthe bottom of notch23 when the parts are assembledas shown by Figs. 2 and 3.

When the cotter is seated in notch 23 the shoe is locked against endwisemovement and the inclined face 24: exerts a wedging action' upon theshoe whereby the latter is forced transversely against the cutter andthe-latter is forced transversely against the wall of socket 19. A.cylindric socket 25 is formed inv the holder for the reception of thecotter, said socket being substantially at right angles to socket 19andinterse'cting the latter, although the aXes of the two sockets areofl'set one from the other. 'lVhen the tool is in use the end-thrust ofthe cutter is sus- 'tain ed by the sho,e, and the end thrust of the shoeis sustained by the cotter. The

wedging action ofthe cotter is suiiicient to prevent chattering? of thecutter, because the latter is assured of two separate linesof "Contact hh holder, throughout "th length of socket19,in consequence of cuttingaway the wallof the socket to provide the channel indicated at; 20,these 'lines of contact are indicated at 26,26. The cutter is' thusrendered incapable of rocking from side should be; appreciably greaterthan the to side even though the widthof socket 19 width of the cutter,because the bottom of the. cutter does not engage the bottom of thesocket. v

The boringdevice shownby Figs. 6 to 11 f comprises a holder 27, shank 28'therefor,

= and-acircular seriesbf cutters 30, each of 1 the latter being'providedwith a locking shoe 31 and with a cotter 32. The holder 27 isprovidedwith cylindi'ic statuses for the cutters and shoes, and isprovided with socksteamer the c'otters. The cutters 30' 'and shoes 31embody the structural features described in connection with the' cutterfand shoe first described and ,tliefcotte'rs 32 are to all intents and,purposes like the cotter 18.

The cutters,.shoes', and cotters ot -the bor'- ing tool are allinterchangeable, and inof-f der to utilize such interchangeability forthe purpose of obtaining fine adjustments of the "#1, "#5, and

cutters I. make the shoes so that they are different one fromanother inthe arrangement of the teeth. In the present instance advanced slightlymore than those in'sockets #9; the cutters 'i'nkso'ckets #8, "#7, and v#11 would beadvanced slightly more than those in -#2, #6, and #10; andthose in 'sockets#t,*#8, and'#12 would be advanced slightly'more thanthose in #3, #7, and #11.

This adjustment of the cutters ,is ob:- tained by makingthe three'shoesofea'ch group as shown by Figs. 9, 10, and 11 respectively. Broken linea-a intersects the centers ofthe cotter-receiving notches 23,

the three shoes ,shownty these figures be-- ing in vertical registrationwitheach other.

The teeth 22 of each shoe of thisgroupare out of registration with theteeth of the other two shoes. Broken line a a intersects the apex of oneof the teeth of the shoe shown by Fig. 9, whereas the ap'eXthatisnearest said line inFi'g. "10 is at the le'ftof the linie, and the apeX'that is nearest the line in Fig; 11 is at the right of the line. Inassembling the twelve cutters in the head, if it is foundthat oneshoe'does not give a cutter the desired degree of adjustment, a shoehaving a different arrangementbf teeth 22 may be substituted for ituntihcutters #1, erases, and #4. are adjusted toin'ake four cuts eachdeeper than 'the one'precedjusted in like relation, and "#9,-"#10, #11,

, and #12 are also adjusted in like" relation.

The several cutters will diifer T slightly from each other as they'are'worn down and resharpened, "but such difierences "(may be takencare of by interchanging the shoes as hereinbeforeexplained. Theincrernents of radial adjustment of the cutters" toward and I from theaxis of the holder 27 are? rendered ,ter' having elongated "shankportion, a

holder therefor having 7 a socket for the receptlon of said shankpbrtion, 'a IoCking shoe adapted to go into said socket in contiguousrelation to said shank portion, said shoe and said shank portion havinginterlocking teeth extending transversely of the length of said shankportion, said holder having another socket extending transversely of andintersecting the first said socket, and a cotter movable endWise in saidother socket, said shoe having a notch arranged to receive a portion ofsaid cotter to lock the shoe against movement length- Wise of saidcutter socket, said cotter hav ing a shoe-engaging face arranged toforce the shoe against said shank portion in consequence of moving thecotter endWise in one direction.

2. A metal-Working tool comprising a cutter having an elongated shankportion, a holder therefor having a socket for the reception of saidshank portion, a locking shoe adapted to go into said socket incontiguous relation to said shank portion, said shoe and said shankportion having interlocking teeth extending transversely of the lengthof said shank portion, said holder having another socket extendingtransversely of and intersecting the first said socket, and a cottermovable endWise in said other socket and having a shoe-engaging facearranged to force the shoe against said shank portion in consequence ofmoving said cotter endwise in one direction, said shoe having a shoulderarranged to bear against said cotter to sustain end thrust of saidcutter.

3. A metal-Working tool comprising a cutter having an elongated shankportion, said shank portion having a cylindric surface and a flattoothed surface, a holder for said cutter having a socket for said shankportion, a shoe having teeth complemental to the teeth on said flatsurface, and a cotter arranged transversely to bear laterally againstsaid shoe to force said cylindric surface against the Wall of saidsocket, said Wall being formed to provide two separate lines of bearingfor said cylindric surface, and said shoe having a shoulder to engagesaid cotter.

4:- A metal-vvorking tool comprising a holder having a plurality ofcutter sockets arranged in a series about a common center, cuttersarranged in saidsockets, respectively, a plurality of shoes, one foreach of said cutters, said shoes being arranged in said sockets, saidcutters and shoes having inter locking teeth, said holder having cottersockets intersecting said cutter sockets re spectively, and cottersarranged in said cotter sockets, and having shoe-engaging surfacesarranged to force said shoes against said cutters and to force saidcutters against the Walls of said cutter sockets, each of said shoeshaving a notch arranged to receive, and conforming to, the contiguouscotter, said shoes diflering one from another in the arrangement of saidteeth, and being interchangeable to afford relatively fine degrees ofadjustment of the cutters.

5. A metal-Working to'ol comprising a cutter and a shoe whichcollectively are cyline dric,'and Which have flat bearing surfacesprovided With a plurality of transverse interlocking teeth, a holderhaving a socket to receive said cutter and shoe when assembled, and alsoa transverse socket, a cotter arranged in thetransverse socket forclamping the cutter and shoe in the first-men tioned socket, said shoehaving a transverse socket equal in Width to the cotter to receive saidcotter and to hold it and the cutter against longitudinal movement.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature.

FRED P. LOVEJOY.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents.

Washington, D. 0.

